Landscaping

Bulk materials are sold by volume or by weight, and which one depends on the supplier rather than the material. These calculators give both, so you can order in cubic yards from one yard and in tons from another without converting anything by hand. Weight comes from bulk density, which varies more than people expect: pea gravel, crushed granite and screened topsoil differ by around twenty percent, and anything wet is heavier than the same material dry. Every density here is an advanced option you can overwrite with your supplier's own figure. Depth is the other number worth getting right. Too thin and gravel shows the ground through it and mulch lets weeds up; too thick and mulch smothers roots and gravel never compacts. Each calculator states a typical range and lets you change it. Loose material also settles by ten to twenty percent once it is walked and driven on, so a finished depth needs more than that laid.